In 2026, cash settlements for the sale of goods, performance of work and provision of services are carried out using a cash register, except for the established exemptions (Art. 110 of the Tax Code of the RK), and the buyer is issued a receipt for the amount paid (Art. 111 of the Tax Code of the RK). Banking, cash and foreign currency transactions in 1C are recorded based on the actual movement of money: a receipt, write-off or transfer is documented using a document corresponding to the economic substance of the transaction, after which balances are reconciled with bank statements and cash documents.
How to Organize Cash Accounting
It is convenient to start by setting up directories and settings. The organization’s bank and deposit accounts, cash offices, currencies and contracts used in actual settlements must be entered in the program. The details in 1C should be matched against bank and cash documents: even a technical error in selecting an account may distort turnover and the balance.
Each movement is recorded on the basis of a source document. For a non-cash transaction, the supporting documents are the bank statement and settlement documents relating to the payment. A cash transaction is documented using the relevant cash receipt or cash payment document. For cash settlements for goods sold, work performed or services provided, it is necessary to issue a cash register receipt or, in the case provided for by the Tax Code of the RK, a sales receipt for the amount actually paid (Art. 111 of the Tax Code of the RK).
If the money remains the property of the organization and merely moves between its bank accounts, such movement should be recorded as an internal transfer rather than as a settlement with a buyer or supplier. The entry is based on the bank statement and a document disclosing the substance of the transaction.
Practical procedure:
- determine the economic substance of the transaction;
- select the bank account or cash office;
- verify the counterparty, contract, amount and currency;
- post the document;
- check the generated movements and balances;
- compare the program data with the bank statement or cash documents.
The command name, set of details and location of individual elements depend on the 1C configuration and version. The procedure described should be applied with due regard to the interface of the installed release. Before entering transactions in bulk, it is useful to post one transaction, check its movements and make sure that the bank account, cash office, currency and analytics have been selected correctly.
Transfer Between Current and Deposit Accounts
Placing money in a deposit account is recorded as a movement of the organization’s own funds when the transaction is a transfer between the accounts of the same organization. In the “Bank and Cash Office” section, select the document intended for moving funds, specify the current account as the source account to be debited and the deposit account as the receiving account, enter the date and amount from the bank documents, and post the document.
When the money is returned, create a new document in the reverse direction: the deposit account becomes the account to be debited, while the current account becomes the receiving account. Transfer the return date and amount from the bank statement. This procedure maintains a consistent movement history and makes it possible to separately check turnover and balances for each account.
Before posting, the accountant should make sure that the deposit account has been created in the program as the organization’s bank account and that its details have been completed correctly. A transfer between the organization’s own accounts should not be replaced with a receipt from a buyer or a payment to a supplier: selecting such a transaction type distorts the substance of settlements and counterparty analytics.
If the bank separately accrues interest or withholds a fee, these amounts are analyzed and recorded based on the relevant bank documents. They should not be combined with the return of the deposited amount: the deposit principal, interest and fee have different supporting grounds and must be reconciled with separate lines of the statement.
Foreign Currency Funds and Conversion
If foreign currency details are unavailable in 1C or there is no foreign currency revaluation transaction when closing the month, first check the settings of the installed configuration. In the standard interface, the functionality settings are located in the “Administration” section. The location and names of the settings must be checked against the release being used, since the interface and availability of commands may differ.
After enabling foreign currency accounting, check the currency of the bank account and contract, as well as the details of the transaction documents. When closing the month, check that the foreign currency revaluation transaction provided for by the configuration is available and completed. Merely loading exchange rates is insufficient if the currency of the account, contract or settlement document is specified incorrectly.
When purchasing rubles for tenge through online banking, the related movements are recorded in the program:
- the actual amount in tenge is debited from the relevant bank account;
- the purchased amount in rubles is credited to the foreign currency account.
The documents specify the actual amounts and the conversion rate recorded by the bank. This information is transferred from the bank statement and bank documents rather than calculated arbitrarily. If the bank withheld a separate fee, it is recorded under the relevant statement line separately from the amount of foreign currency purchased.
Foreign currency exchange transactions are classified as financial transactions exempt from VAT (Art. 477 of the Tax Code of the RK). Therefore, when recording the conversion itself, the accountant must correctly determine the type of banking transaction and separate the exchange amount from the fee or other bank services if they are shown separately in the documents.
Control and Correction of Errors
After loading a statement, the accountant should not rely solely on automatic document posting. The accountant must check the date, bank account, currency, amount, counterparty, contract and payment purpose. Transactions recognized automatically by the program require particularly careful review: identical amounts or similar payment purposes do not guarantee that the correct transaction type has been selected.
For cash settlements, the use of a registered cash register and the issuance of a receipt for the amount paid are additionally checked. A cash register must be registered with the tax authority before commencing activities involving cash settlements, and the model used must be included in the register of cash registers (Art. 111 of the Tax Code of the RK). The obligation to use a cash register applies to cash settlements, except for expressly stipulated exemptions (Art. 110 of the Tax Code of the RK).
It is useful to regularly reconcile:
- the opening and closing balance of each bank account;
- turnover for the period against the bank statement;
- movements between current and deposit accounts;
- balances in foreign currency accounts;
- the presence of unposted or duplicate documents;
- completion of the foreign currency revaluation when closing the month;
- compliance of cash documents with the settlements actually made.
If the balance in the program does not match the bank’s data, the review is performed sequentially starting from the latest date on which the balances matched. Common causes of discrepancies include an omitted statement line, duplicate loading, an incorrectly selected bank account, an incorrect date, or recording an internal transfer as a settlement with a counterparty.
A posted document should be corrected after the cause of the discrepancy has been identified. A simple manual adjustment of the balance may conceal the error without eliminating its source. After the correction, it is necessary to regenerate the report for the relevant account and once again compare the turnover and closing balance with the bank statement or cash documents.
Questions and Answers
How do I record a transfer of money to a deposit account? — Create a document for moving funds, specify the current account as the account to be debited and the deposit account as the receiving account, transfer the date and amount from the bank documents, and post the transaction.
How do I record the return of money from a deposit? — Create a new movement in the reverse direction: from the deposit account to the current account. Take the date and amount from the bank statement, and record the interest accrued or fee withheld by the bank under separate statement lines.
Why is there no foreign currency revaluation when closing the month? — Check whether foreign currency accounting is enabled, whether the currency of the bank account and contract is specified correctly, and whether the relevant month-end closing transaction is available in the installed 1C configuration and version.
How do I record the purchase of rubles for tenge? — Record the debit of tenge and receipt of rubles as related movements using the actual amounts and rate from the bank documents. Foreign currency exchange is exempt from VAT (Art. 477 of the Tax Code of the RK).
Can an internal transfer be treated as an organization’s expense? — A transfer between the organization’s own bank accounts is recorded according to its economic substance as a movement of money. Select the relevant document type for the transaction and reconcile both sides of the movement with the bank statement.
When is a cash register receipt required for a cash settlement? — A cash register is used for cash settlements for goods sold, work performed or services provided unless the transaction or person is covered by the established exemptions (Art. 110 of the Tax Code of the RK). A receipt is issued for the amount paid (Art. 111 of the Tax Code of the RK).
Legal Basis
The procedure for using cash registers for cash settlements and the established exemptions are stipulated in Article 110 of the Tax Code of the RK. The requirements for registering a cash register, including its model in the register and issuing a receipt are established by Article 111 of the Tax Code of the RK. The VAT exemption for foreign currency exchange transactions is provided for by Article 477 of the Tax Code of the RK.